Secrets of Thomas Hardy’s Biography: The Attempt of Reading in John Fowles’ Works
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2014.89.286Keywords:
biographism, new criticism, structuralism, the identity of the author, the writer, the psychology of creativity, John Fowles, Thomas HardyAbstract
Hardy’s personality as a writer and a man invariably accompanies John Fowles’ texts, he repeatedly clearly and sometimes with hints and allusions appeals to the creativity of this outstanding writer of the Victorian era, uses as an epigraph quotes from his texts, reveals little known facts of his biography, conducts the biographical analysis of his works, etc. John Fowles’ permanent appeal to Thomas Hardy’s personality the author himself explains by close proximity and affinity of writer's work. On the material of essays by John Fowles (“Hardy and the Hag”, “Thomas Hardy’s England”) and the novel “The French Lieutenant’s Woman” is analyzed Fowles’ appeal to the biographical method of analysis of literary works. The writer’s opinions regarding methodologies of literature of the second half of the twentieth century with their formal search and the benefits of the appeal to biographism are found out. The features of biographical study of Thomas Hardy’s personality are analized in Fowles’ works, focus is made on the explaination of the characteristics of the English mentality, the use of the background in connection with the real historical time, the illustration of the writer’s complexes and so on. Special attention is paid to Hardy’s family mysteries as the illustrations of the dual nature of the Victorian epoch, and the key to the interpretation of the mental processes of creativity and the analysis of the novel “Beloved”. The identity of Thomas Hardy in Fowles’ works is the illustration of Englishness, an attempt to explain the peculiarities of the English mentality, creativity and attitude to their own publicity and vice versa – an expression of secrecy, isolation, and separation. The minutiae of Thomas Hardy’s biography, the details of his personal life John Fowles uses as a narration of customs and peculiarities of the Victorian era in his novel “The French Lieutenant’s Woman”. The usage of biohraphism is the way of connecting conditional and specific, real and fictional, Hardy's biography in Fowles’ novel is also the documentary text, the evidence of the era and the artistic reinterpretation of mysteries of writer’s personality.
References
Garushjian S. A. Esse Dzhona Faulza o Tomase Hardi [John Fowles essay about Thomas Hardy]. In: Izvestija Saratovskogo universiteta. Serija Filologija. Zhurnalistika, 2010, no. 1, pp. 62–67. (in Russian).
Garushjian S. A. Esseistika Dzhona Faulza [Essays of John Fowles]. Extended abstract of PhD dissertation (World Literature). Saratov Chernyshevsky State University. Ivanovo, 2012, 20 p. (in Russian).
Relf J. Predislovie [The Foreword]. In: Fowles J. Krotovye nory [Wormholes]. Moscow, 2002, pp. 5–8. (in Russian).
Fowles J. Krotovye nory [Wormholes]. Moscow, 2002, 640 p. (in Russian).
Foucault M. Shcho take avtor? [What is an author?]. In: Slovo. Znak. Dyskurs. Antolohija svitovoji literaturno-krytychnoj dumky 20 st. [Word. Symbol. Discourse. An Anthology of Literary and Critical Thought in the 20th Century]. Lviv, 1996, pp. 444–455. (in Ukrainian).
Fowles Jh. The French Lieutenant’s Woman. London, 1996, 448 p.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Oksana Levytska
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.